Can you send docusign through text message?

No directly. But you could set up a (https://www.docusign.com/features-and-benefits/features/powerforms) Power Form for them that didn't require email access to enter which they could then sign. You could then text them the Form site address which they could then access through their web browser. They'd still need an actual email address but they wouldn't need to access it to sign the envelope. 

Hope this helps.

Another work around would be to set up the recipient using the cell phone number with the carrier as the signer. You would need to know the recipients carrier to do this. Something like 7731234567@tmomail.net (you would also need to look up how that carrier formats the email to SMS, Tmobile = Tmomail.net, Verizon = vtext.com etc) and it will send the email as a text with the link in the text. The link will go directly to the docusign doc.

Worked for me.